如何有效备战二建市政考试？历年真题及答案解析

一、如何有效备战二建市政考试？历年真题及答案解析

市政工程专业简介

市政工程是指城市基础设施建设工程，包括道路、桥梁、给排水、环境卫生和城市园林等。市政工程在城市发展中起着至关重要的作用，其建设需要综合考虑工程技术、经济和环境等因素。

备战二建市政考试的重要性

作为市政工程专业人才，通过国家执业资格考试（简称“二建”）是职业发展中的重要一步。备战二建市政考试需要系统复习理论知识、掌握解题技巧，更重要的是熟悉历年真题及答案，通过对真题的分析和总结可以更好地应对考试。

历年真题及答案解析

有效备战二建市政考试的关键之一是熟悉历年真题及答案。通过对历年真题的分析，考生可以了解考试重点、题型特点，有针对性地进行复习。同时，针对每道题目的答案解析也能帮助考生深入理解知识点，提高解题能力。

如何获取历年真题及答案

考生可以通过多种途径获取历年真题及答案，包括购买历年真题书籍、参加培训机构的模拟考试、搜索相关考试资源网站等。在获取真题及答案后，要进行系统性的整理和分类，制定合理的复习计划，结合课程体系有条不紊地进行复习。

备战二建市政考试的技巧

除了熟悉历年真题及答案，备战二建市政考试还需要掌握一些备考技巧。例如，要注重理论知识的系统性学习，注重解题方法的灵活运用，注重对专业知识点的深入理解。此外，要保持良好的心态，合理规划复习时间，多进行模拟考试，及时总结复习经验和不足之处。

感谢您阅读本文，相信通过对历年真题及答案的深入学习和分析，您将更好地备战二建市政考试，取得优异的成绩。

二、二建市政考试时间？

历年二建考试的时间都是五月的最后一个双休日。2020年疫情影响改为10月最后一个双休日

三、一建二建市政考试内容？

市政专业考试科目

一建市政专业考试科目有建设工程经济、建设工程项目管理、建设工程法规及相关知识、市政工程管理与实务。

二建市政专业考试科目有建设工程法规及相关知识、建设工程施工管理、市政工程管理与实务。

《市政工程》专业执业范围：市政公用，土石方、地基与基础、预拌商品混凝土、混凝土预制构件、预应力、爆破与拆除、环保、桥梁、隧道、道路路面、道路路基、道路交通、城市轨道交通、城市及道路照明、体育场地设施、给排水、燃气、供热、垃圾处理、园林绿化、管道、特种专业。

四、2016年英语二考研真题及答案解析我想知道去哪看?

2023年考研政治2022年12月24-25日进行，李蹊教研室将在第一时间提供2023年考研英语二真题答案解析，请关注零点启航教育网，考试真题答案解析先睹为快！ 以下是2023年考研英语二试卷真题答案及解析。 考试采取“一题多卷”模式，试题答案顺序不统一，请依据试题进行核对。 2023年全国硕士研究生招生考试(英语二)参考答案及解析 Section Ⅰ Use of English Here’s a common scenario that any number of entrepreneurs face today: you’re the CEO of a small business and though you're making a nice 1 , you need to find a way to take it to the next level. what you need to do is 2 growth by establishing a growth team. A growth team is made up of members from different departments within your company, and it harnesses the power of collaboration to focus 3 on finding ways to grow. Let's look at a real-world 4 . Prior to forming a growth team, the software company BitTorrent had 50 employees.Working in the 5 departments of engineering, marketing and product development. This brought them good results until 2012, when their growth plateaued. The 6 was that too many customers were using the basic, free version of their product. And 7 improvements to the premium, paid version, few people were making the upgrade. Things changed, 8 , when an innovative project marketing manager came aboard, 9 a growth team and sparked the kind of 10 perspective they needed. By looking at engineering issues from a marketing point of view, it became clear that the 11 of upgrades wasn't due to a quality issue. Most customers were simply unaware of the premium version and what it offered. Armed with this 12 , the marketing and engineering teams joined forces to raise awareness by prominently 13 the premium version to users of the free version. 14 , upgrades skyrocketed, and revenue increased by 92 percent. But in order for your growth, team to succeed, it needs to a have a strong leader. It needs someone who can 15 the interdisciplinary team and keep them on course for improvement. This leader will 16 the target area, set clear goals and establish a time frame for the 17 of these goals. This growth leader is also 18 for keeping the team focus on moving forward and steer them clear of distractions. 19 attractive, new ideas can be distracting, the team leader must recognize when these ideas don’t 20 the current goal and need to be put on the back burner. 1.A. purchase B. profit C. connection D. bet 2.A. define B. predict C. prioritize D. appreciate 3.A. exclusively B. temporarily C. potentially D. initially 4.A. experiment B. proposal C. debate D. example 5.A. identical B. marginal C. provisional D. traditional 6.A. rumor B. secret C. myth D. problem 7.A. despite B. unlike C. through D. besides 8.A. moreover B. however C. therefore D. again 9.A. inspected B. created C. expanded D. reformed 10.A.cultural B. objective C. fresh D. personal 11.A. end B. burden C. lack D. decrease 12.A. policy B. suggestion C. purpose D. insight 13.A. contributing B. allocating C. promoting D. transferring 14.A. As a result B. At any rate C. By the way D. In a sense 15.A. unite B. finance C. follow D. choose 16.A. share B. identify C. divide D. broaden 17.A. announcement B. assessment C. adjustment D. accomplishment 18.A. famous B. responsible C. available D. respectable 19.A. Before B. Once C. While D. Unless 20.A. serve B. limit C. summarize D. alter 【1】B. profit 原文提到“小公司的CEO也挣到了大钱”。make a nice profit意为“挣得可观的利润”，故选profit。 【2】C. prioritize 原文提到“所需要做的是通过建立一个发展小组来优先促进增长”。此处强调“优先性”，故选prioritize。 【3】A. exclusively 原文提到“利用合作的力量来专注于专门寻找增长的方法”。exclusively表示“独占地，专门地”，符合题意。 【4】D. example 原文提到“来看一个现实生活中的例子”，此处通过举例子来例证上文的观点，故选example。 【5】D. traditional 原文提到“50名雇员在工程、市场营销与产品研发等传统部门工作”。traditional表示“传统的”，符合题意。 【6】D. problem 原文提到“问题是太多的顾客可以免费使用其产品的基础免费版本”。上文指出最开始卓有成就，但后来陷入了瓶颈期，所以，此处应衔接具有产生什么样的问题。故选problem。 【7】A. despite 原文提到“虽然对于付费版本做出了一定的改善，但是几乎没有人进行升级”。此处前后形成让步-转折逻辑，故选despite。 【8】B. however 原文提到“但是自从一位创新的海外经理人的到来使得事情发生了改变”。此处考查上下文的逻辑关系，上文指出改善没有得到公众的买账，而海外人才的引入却改变了这一些，所以，此处应填入转折逻辑词，故选however。 【9】B. created 原文提到“这名经理人创建了发展团队”。此处与首段establish a growth team形成语义复现，故选created。 【10】C. fresh 原文提到“引发了一个他们所需要的新鲜视角”。创新人才的加入势必会给团队带来新鲜血液。此处与本段innovative形成语义复现，故选fresh。 【11】C. lack 原文提到“缺少升级的原因并不是由质量问题多导致，而是大部分消费者没有这方面的意识”。上文提到很少有消费者进行升级，所以产品缺少升级，故选lack。 【12】D. insight 原文提到“具备这种洞察力，市场营销和工程部门加入到了团队之中”。此处与上文fresh perspective形成语义复现，新鲜的看法预示着对事情有了更独到的见解，故选insight。 【13】C. promoting 原文提到“将免费版本升级成优质版本”。此处与后文upgrade形成语义复现，故选promoting。 【14】A. As a result 原文提到“因此，升级量激增”。此处考查句间的逻辑关系，由于版本变得更加优质，所以选择升级的人数数量在增加，因此应填入因果逻辑词，故选as a result。 【15】A. unite 原文提到“需要一个人来联合来自跨学科的组别”。上文leader一词提示，员工之间需要团结才能成功。unite意为“联合”，符合题意。 【16】B. identify 原文提到“领导需要确定目标区域”。下文指出设立目标，所以在设立目标之前应确定目标区域，故选identify。 【17】D. accomplishment 原文提到“建立时间框架赖完成这些目标”。上文提到设立目标，所以此处应表示实现目标，故选accomplishment。 【18】B. responsible 原文提到“领导需要负责去带领整个团队一起前进”。be responsible for意为“对……负责”，符合题意。 【19】C. while 原文提到“虽然很有吸引力，但是新的想法会让人分心”。此处体现句间的让步-转折逻辑关系，故选while。 【20】A. serve 原文提到“一些想法不能服务目前的目标，并且需要暂时搁置”。即想法和目标无法实现协调统一，所以需要暂停，故选serve。 Section Ⅱ Reading Comprehension Part A Text 1 21. The RHS thinks that plastic grass_____ A. is harmful to the environment B. is a hot topic in gardening circles C. is overpraised in the annual show D. is ruining the view of West London 【21】A. is harmful to the environment 解析： 该题为细节题，问RHS对于plastic grass塑料草的看法。通过RHS和plastic grass定位，锁定句子“The Royal Horticultural Society (RHS), which runs the annual show in west London, says it has introduced the ban because of the damage plastic grass does to the environment and biodiversity.” 核心句意 “由于塑料草对环境和生物多样性造成的破坏，RHS出台了这项禁令。” 文章中because of the damage plastic grass does to the environment and biodiversity.对应A选项is harmful to the environment。 damage和harmful为同义改写。 22. The petitions mentioned in Paragraph 3 revealed the campaigners’ A. disappointment with the RHS B. resistance to fake grass use C. anger over the proposed tax D. concern about real grass supply 【22】B. resistance to fake grass use 解析：该题为细节题，通过题干petitions(请愿书)和campaigners(运动领导者)进行定位。通过campaigners所在句子“The RHS’s decision comes as campaigners try to raise awareness of the problems fake grass causes.”得知，campaigners试图提高人们对假草造成的问题的认识。 下文petitions所在句子，详细说明提升对假草问题的具体方式：It is trying to encourage people to sign two petitions, one calling for a ban on the sale of plastic grass and another calling for an “ecological damage” tax on such lawns. 即“呼吁禁止销售塑料草，和呼吁对此类草坪征收“生态破坏”税”。只有B选项 resistance to fake grass use(对假草使用的抵制)，对定位句进行了同义改写。 23. In Paragraph 4, supporters of fake grass point out______ A. the necessity to lower the costs of fake grass B. the disadvantages of growing real grass C. the way to take care of artificial lawns D. the challenges of insect habitat protection 【23】B. the disadvantages of growing real grass 解析：该题为细节题，问假草支持者的观点态度。通过第4段内容可概括出“天然草坪也会对环境造成影响，并且真正的草需要大量的水、除草剂或其他处理。” 只有B选项the disadvantages of growing real grass(种植真草的缺点), 是对文章的同义概括。 24. What would the government do with regard to artificial grass? A. Urge legislation to restrict its use B. Take measures to guarantee its quality C. Remind its users to obey existing rules. D. Replace it with sustainable alternatives. 【24】C. Remind its users to obey existing rules. 解析：该题为细节题，问“政府会如何处理人造草?” 通过government和artificial grass定位，从文章中得知“政府没有计划禁止使用人造草，并且人工草地的使用必须遵守现有的法律和政策保障措施。文章中的comply with the legal and policy(遵守法律和政策)与B选项Remind its users to obey existing rules.　(提醒用户遵守现有规则。) 是同义改写。 25. It can be learned from the text that fake grass____ A. is being improved continuously B. has seen a market share decline C. is becoming increasing affordable D. has been a controversial product 【25】D. has been a controversial product. 解析：该题为主旨题，问通过文章可以得出什么关于假草的结论。本题考查对文章主旨和段落大意的把握。 文章阐述了RHS， 假草支持者，和政府对于假草的不同态度，其中RHS禁止假草的使用，而政府表明没有禁止计划。各方观点明确并阐述了理由。因为文章是围绕fake grass展开争议，因为答案是D，是“有争议性的产品”。 Text 2 26.What problem are US national parks faced with? A.Decline of business profits. B.Inadequate commercialization. C.Lack of transportation services. D.Poorly maintained infrastructure. 【26】D Poorly maintained infrastructure.解析： 该题为细节题，问美国国家公园面临着什么问题，根据problem, US national parks回到原文定位，文中提到：“美国国家公园正处于危机之中。他们总共有超过120亿美元的维护费用积压下来没有拨款。”( U.S. national parks are in crisis. Collectively, they have a maintenance backlog of more than $12 billion.)所以美国国家公园面临着维护缺钱的问题，即基础设施维护不良。 27.Increased privatization of the campgrounds may . A. spoil visitor experience B. help preserve nature C. bring operational pressure D. boost visits to parks 【27】A. spoil visitor experience 解析： 该题为细节题，问增加露营地的私有化可能会如何，根据关键词privatization， the campgrounds回到原文定位，文中提到：“增加私有化肯定会削弱每年3亿游客来公园的主要原因之一:享受自然，从淹没日常生活的商业鼓声中得到喘息。”(increased privatization would certainly undercut one of the major reasons why 300 million visitors come to the parks each year: to enjoy nature and get a respite from the commercial drumbeat that overwhelms daily life.)所以增加露营地的私有化可能会让游客仍然受到商业的影响，不能更好地享受自然，即破坏游客体验。 28.According to Paragraph 5, most respondents in the survey would A. go to the national parks on a regular basis. B.advocate a bigger budget for the national parks. C.agree to pay extra for the national parks. D.support the national parks’ recent reforms. 【28】C.agree to pay extra for the national parks. 解析： 该题为细节题，问调查中的大多数受访者会如何，根据关键词respondents，the survey回到原文定位， 文中提到：“约81%的受访者表示，他们愿意在未来10年缴纳额外的税款，以避免任何削减国家公园的开支。”(Some 81% of respondents said they would be willing to pay additional taxes for the next 10 years to avoid any cuts to the national parks.)所以调查中的大多数受访者会愿意额外缴纳税款，即同意为国家公园支付额外的费用。 29.The national parks are valuable in that they A.lead the way in tourism. B.have historical significance. C.sponsor research on climate D. provide an income for the locals. 【29】B.have historical significance. 解析： 该题为细节题，问国家公园很有价值因为它们怎么样，根据关键词the national parks，valuable回到原文中定位，文中提到，这些公园还有助于让美国的历史充满活力，与全国数千个地方司法机构合作，保护包括埃利斯岛和葛底斯堡在内的历史遗迹，并让这些地方的故事变得生动起来。”(The parks also help keep America’s past alive, working with thousands of local jurisdictions around the country to protect historical sites — including Ellis Island and Gettysburg — and to bring the stories of these places to life.)所以国家公园很有价值因为它们有助于让美国的历史充满活力，保护历史遗迹，即有历史意义。 30.It can be concluded from the text that the national park system A.is able to cope with staff shortage. B.is able to meet visitor’s demands. C.is in need of a new price policy. D.is in need of a funding increase. 【30】D. is in need of a funding increase. 解析： 该题为细节题，问国家公园体系如何，根据关键词the national park system回到原文中定位，文中提到：“国会每年只给国家公园系统拨款30亿美元——这一数额自2001年以来一直没有变化(以通货膨胀调整后的美元计算)，除了2009年作为奥巴马刺激计划一部分的一次增加。与此同时，自1980年以来，每年的游客数量增长了50%以上，现在每年达到3.3亿人次。”(Congress allocates only $3 billion a year to the national park system — an amount that has been flat since 2001 (in inflation-adjusted dollars) with the exception of a onetime boost in 2009 as part of the Obama stimulus package. Meanwhile, the number of annual visitors has increased by more than 50% since 1980, and now stands at 330 million visitors per year.)可以得知，国家公园体系得到的拨款每年基本上保持不变，然而参观公园的游客再增长，所以国家公园体系需要拨款资金的增加。 Text 3 31. Sparrow’s study show that with the Internet, the human brain will____ A. analyze information in detail B. collect information efficiently C. switch its focus of memory D. extend its memory duration 【31】C. switch its focus of memory 解析：该题为细节题，问Sparrow的研究表明在互联网时代，人类大脑会怎样。通过Sparrow定位，最终锁定第一段最后一句，即对研究结论的表“human memory is not deteriorating but "adapting to new communications technology," 人类的记忆并没有退化，而是“适应新的通信技术”。 CD选项都提到了memory, C是转换大脑记忆焦点，D是延长大脑记忆时间。文章中的“适应新的通信技术” 对应C选项“转换焦点。”，因此答案是C。 32. The process of “cognitive offloading ”_______ A. helps us identify false information B. keeps our memory from failing C. enables us to classify trivial facts D. lessens our memory burdens 【32】D. lessens our memory burdens 解析：该题为细节题，通过cognitive offloading定位。 文章描述“互联网正在成为我们记忆的外部硬盘，这一过程被称为“cognitive offloading”。传统上，这一角色是由数据库、图书馆和其他人类完成的。例如，你的父亲可能永远不会记得生日，因为你的母亲会记得。” 即cognitive offloading可以帮助储存部分记忆，即对应D选项“减轻我们的记忆负担”。 33. Which of the following would Sparrows support about the Internet? A. It may reform our learning approach B. It may impact our society negatively C. It may enhance our adaptability to technology D. It may interfere with our conceptual thinking 【33】A. It may reform our learning approach 解析：该题为细节题，通过Sparrows进行定位，本句话表明了Sparrows的观点：“the trend will change our approach to learning from a focus on individual facts and memorization to an emphasis on more conceptual thinking” “也许，她建议，这一趋势将改变我们的学习方式，从关注个人事实和记忆转变，变为关注更多的概念思维” 。A选项It may reform our learning approach(它可能会改变我们的学习方式)是对文章的同义改写。 34. It is indicated in Paragraph 3 that how the Internet affects our brains_____ A. requires further academic research B. is most studied in older adults C. is reflected in our reading speed D. depends on our web-surfing habits 【34】A. requires further academic research 解析：该题为推断题。段首句明确表示 “还有其他专家表示，现在了解互联网如何影响我们的大脑还为时过早。” 。A选项“需要进一步的学术研究” 是对文章的同义改写。 35. Neither Sparrows nor Storm would agree that______ A. our reliance on the Internet will be costly B. the Internet is weakening our memory C. memory exercise is a must for our brains D. our ability to fucus declines with age 【35】B. the Internet is weakening our memory 解析：该题为观点对比，问Sparrows和Storm都不会同意什么。Sparrows认为互联网可以改变我们的学习方式，Storm在文章最后一段表明观点。 "There may be costs associated with our increased reliance on the Internet, but I'd have to imagine that overall the benefits are going to outweigh those costs," “我们对互联网的依赖增加可能会带来一些成本，但我不得不想象，总的来说，收益将超过这些成本。”，因为Storm也支持互联网。即两人都没有认为互联网有害，对应B选项the Internet is weakening our memory，即都不会认为互联网正在削弱我们的记忆。 Text 4 36.According to Paragraph 1, children growing into adolescence tend to . A.develop opposite personality traits. B.see the world in an unreasonable way. C.have fond memories of their past. D.show affection for their parents. 【36】A. develop opposite personality traits.解析：该题为细节题，问进入青春期的孩子往往会如何，根据关键词children，adolescence回到原文中定位， 文中提到：“在青春期，无助和依赖成年人的孩子成为独立的人，他们可以照顾自己，互相帮助。与此同时，曾经快乐顺从的孩子变成了叛逆的冒险家，往往到了自我毁灭的地步。(In adolescence, helpless and dependent children who have relied on grown-ups for just about everything become independent people who can take care of themselves and help each other. At the same time, once cheerful and compliant children become rebellious teenage risk-takers, often to the point of self-destruction. )所以进入青春期的孩子往往发展出相反的人格特征。 37.It can be learned form Paragraph 2 that Crone’s study A. explores teenagers’ social responsibilities. B. examines teenagers’ emotional problems. C. provides a new insight into adolescence. D. highlights negative adolescent behavior. 【37】C. provides a new insight into adolescence.解析： 该题为细节题，问Crone的研究如何，根据关键词Crone’s study回到原文中定位，文中提到：“这项研究是对青春期思考的新浪潮的一部分。很长一段时间以来，科学家和政策制定者都认为青少年是一个需要解决的问题。这项新研究强调，青春期是一个充满机遇和风险的时期。”(The study is part of a new wave of thinking about adolescence. For a long time, scientists and policy makers concentrated on the idea that teenagers were a problem that needed to be solved. The new work emphasizes that adolescence is a time of opportunity as well as risk.)所以Crone的研究和以往对于青春期的思考不一样，即为青春期提供了一个新的见解。 38.What does Crone’s study find about prosocial behavior? A.It results from the wish to cooperate. B.It is cultivated through education. C.It is subject to family influence. D.It tends to peak in adolescence. 【38】D.It tends to peak in adolescence.解析： 该题为细节题，问关于亲社会的行为，Crone的研究发现了什么，根据关键词Crone’s study，prosocial behavior回到原文中定位，文中提到：“有趣的是，这项新研究表明，亲社会行为也存在同样的模式。青少年比年幼的儿童或成年人更有可能报告他们做过无私地帮助朋友等事情。”( the new study shows that, interestingly, the same pattern holds for prosocial behavior. Teenagers were more likely than younger children or adults to report that they did things like unselfishly help a friend.)所以相比幼童和成人，青少年更容易做出亲社会的行为，即亲社会的行为往往在青春期达到顶峰。 39.It can be learned from the last two paragraphs that teenagers A.overstress their influence on others. B.care a lot about social recognition. C.become anxious about their future. D.endeavor to live a joyful life. 【39】B. care a lot about social recognition.解析： 该题为推理题，问青少年如何，文中提到：“青少年对社会奖励特别敏感——赢得比赛，给新朋友留下深刻印象，让那个男孩注意到你。”(Teenagers are particularly sensitive to social rewards—winning the game, impressing a new friend, getting that boy to notice you.)这些都是说青少年在乎社会奖励，即社会认可。 40.What is the text mainly about? A.Why teenagers are self-contradictory. B.Why teenagers are sensitive. C.How teenagers develop prosociality. D.How teenagers become independent. 【40】A.Why teenagers are self-contradictory. 解析： 该题为主旨题，第一段开头提到青少年是矛盾的，中间部分通过实验研究发现主要讨论青少年自相矛盾的表现，最后部分探讨了青少年自相矛盾产生的原因。 所以这篇文章主要讨论了青少年为什么是自相矛盾的。 Part B Directions: Read the following text and match each of the numbered items in the left column to its corresponding information in the right column. There are two extra choices in the right column. Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points) New building regulations aimed at improving energy efficiency are set to increase the price of new homes, as well as those of extensions and loft conversions on existing ones. The rules, which came into effect on Wednesday in England, are part of government plans to reduce the UK’s carbon emissions to net zero by 2050. They set new standards for ventilation, energy efficiency and heating, and state that new residential buildings must have charging points for electric vehicles. The moves are the most significant change to building regulations in years, and industry experts say they will inevitably lead to higher prices at a time when a shortage of materials and high labour costs is already driving up bills. Brian Berry, chief executive of the Federation of Master Builders, a trade group for small and medium-sized builders, says the measures will require new materials, testing methods, products and systems to be installed. “All this comes at an increased cost during a time when prices are already sky high. Inevitably, consumers will have to pay more,” he says. Gareth Belsham, of surveyors Naismiths, says people who are upgrading, or extending their home, will be directly affected. “The biggest changes relate to heating and insulation,” he says. “There are new rules concerning the amount of glazing used in extensions, and any new windows or doors must be highly insulated.” The changes could mean an extra £3,000 added to the bill of an average home extension, according to Jonathan Rolande of the National Association of Property Buyers, a group of professionals aimed at raising construction standards. Homeowners extending may see the amount of space they have decrease, as walls will have to be thicker in order to comply with requirements for better insulation. Andrew Mellor, of PRP architects, says external walls will need to be about 7cm thicker than previously. Windows and doors will have to adhere to higher standards, while there are new limits on the amount of glazing you can have to reduce unwanted heat from the sun. Thomas Goodman, of MyJobQuote, a site which sources quotes, says this will bring in new restrictions for extensions. “Glazing on windows, doors and roof lights must cover no more than 25% of the floor area to prevent heat loss, ” he says. As properties become more airtight, there are also measures to ensure proper airflow, such as having small openings (trickle vents) on windows that allow ventilation when a window is closed. For people extending their homes, they may be required to install a new, or replacement, heating system depending on the size of the build, says Belsham. These will have to use lower temperature water to deliver the same heat, which will require increased insulation of pipes. “We’ll see more insulation, better lighting design and restrictions on the amount of glass used in some areas. But with more thermal-efficient homes can come the risk of overheating due to solar gain, and so ventilation is also covered,” says Rolande. “As a result, double-glazed windows will require trickle vents to let heat escape and also to provide fresh air for health reasons and, of course, to reduce the risk of condensation build up in an ever-more airtight property.” As the rules came into effect last Wednesday, property developers were rushing to file plans just before the deadline, according to Belsham. Any plans submitted before that date are considered to be under the previous rules, and can go ahead as long as work starts before 15 June next year. An average extension will probably see around £3,000 additional cost thanks to the new regs Builders which have costed projects, but have not filed the paperwork, may need to go back and submit fresh estimates, says Marcus Jefford of Build Aviator, which prices projects. As the changes are aimed to make homes more energy efficient, they will eventually drive down heating bills. But in the short-term homeowners are likely to face higher costs for work. Materials prices are already up 25% in the last two years, according to figures from the Construction Products Association. How much overall prices will increase as a result of the rule changes is not clear. “While admirable in their intentions, they will add to the cost of housebuilding at a time when many already feel that they are priced out of homeownership,” says Rolande. “An average extension will probably see around £3,000 additional cost thanks to the new regs.” John Kelly, a construction lawyer at Freeths law firm, believes prices will eventually come down. But not in the immediate future. “As the marketplace adapts to the new requirements, and the technologies that support them, the scaling up of these technologies will eventually bring costs down, but in the short term, we will all have to pay the price of the necessary transition,” he says. However, the long-term effects of the changes will be more comfortable and energy-efficient homes, adds Mellor. “Homeowners will probably recoup that cost over time in energy bill savings. It will obviously be very volatile at the moment, but they will have that benefit over time.”

【41】D The new rules will take home prices to an even higher level. 根据题干Brian Berry进行定位，原文提到“All this comes at an increased cost during a time when prices are already sky high.”，即在价格已经高得离谱的时候，所有这些都会增加成本。对于消费者而言，新政策的发布会让原本就很高的房价继续攀高。D项为原文的同义改写，故D项正确。 【42】F The new rules will affect people whose home extensions include new windows or doors. 根据题干Gareth Belsham进行定位，原文提到“people who are upgrading, or extending their home, will be directly affected”，即考虑升级或者扩建房屋的人们会受到影响。F项为原文的同义改写，故F项正确。 【43】B Builders possibly need to submit new estimates of their projects. 根据题干Marcus Jefford定位定位，原文提到“Builders which have costed projects, but have not filed the paperwork, may need to go back and submit fresh estimates”，即已经估算项目成本但尚未提交文件的建筑商可能需要回去提交新的估算。B项为原文的同义改写，故B项正确。 【44】A The rise of home prices is a temporary matter. 根据John Kelly进行定位，原文提到“John Kelly, a construction lawyer at Freeths law firm, believes prices will eventually come down. But not in the immediate future.”，即房价最终一定会下降，但并不是在短期之内。所以，房价的下跌只是一个时间问题。A项为原文的同义改写，故A项正确。 【45】G The rule changes will benefit homeowners eventually. 根据Andrew Mellor 进行定位，原文提到“”Homeowners will probably recoup that cost over time in energy bill savings. It will obviously be very volatile at the moment, but they will have that benefit over time.”，即随着时间的推移，房主很可能会通过节省能源账单来收回这笔费用。目前情况显然会很不稳定，但随着时间的推移，他们会从中受益。G项为原文的同义改写，故G项正确。 Section III Translation 【46】 In the late 18th century, William Wordsworth became famous for his poems about nature. And he was one of the founders of a movement called Romanticism, which celebrated the wonders of the natural world. Poetry is powerful. Its energy and rhythm can capture a reader, transport them to another world and make then see things differently. Through carefully selected words and phrases, poems can be dramatic, funny, beautiful, moving and inspiring. No one knows for sure when poetry began but it has been around for thousands of years, even before people could write. It was a way to tell stories and pass down history. It is closely related to song and even when written it is usually created to be performed out loud. Poems really come to life when they ave recited. This can also help with understanding them too, because the rhythm and sounds of the words become clearer. 第一段简单介绍了一下威廉·华兹华斯以及引出话题诗歌。 18世纪晚期，威廉·华兹华斯因其关于自然的诗歌而闻名。他是浪漫主义运动的创始人之一，该运动颂扬自然世界的奇迹。 第二段概说诗歌的作用。 诗歌是有力量的。它的能量和节奏可以吸引读者，将读者带到另一个世界，让他们以不同的方式看待事物。通过精心挑选的词语和短语，诗歌可以是戏剧性的、有趣的、美丽的、动人的和鼓舞人心的。 第三段概说诗歌的来源。 没有人确切地知道诗歌是什么时候开始的，但它已经存在了数千年，甚至在人们会写字之前。这是一种讲述故事和传承历史的方式。它与歌曲密切相关，即使是写出来的，也通常是为了大声表演而创作的。当诗歌被朗诵出来时，才真正活起来。因为朗诵出来，单词的节奏和发音变得更加清晰，所以这也有助于人们理解诗歌。 Section IV Writing Part A 【47】Directions: An art exhibition and a robot show are to be held on Sunday, and your friend David asks you which one he should go to. Write him an email to 1) make a suggestion, and 2) give your reason(s) You should write about 100 words on the ANSWER SHEET. Do not use your own name. Use “Li Ming” instead. (10 points) 参考范文 Dear David, How are you doing recently? I am writing this email to provide some advice on the exhibition and show. The detailed information is as follows. First of all, it is highly suggested that you should go to the robot show since I know you are always interested in the robot and machine. In addition, it is advisable for you to know some information about the ticket price and some limitation in advance. Last but not least, it is extremely important that you should utilize this platform to make more friends who have a lot of common with you. I hope the above information would be useful. I am looking forward to your favorable reply. Yours sincerely, Li Ming Part B 【48】In your essay, you should describe the picture briefly, interpret the implied meaning and give your comments.You should write about 150 words on the ANSWER SHEET. (15 points)

参考范文 The above line chart explicitly presents information about the health literacy level of the citizens in China from 2012 to 2021. As is clearly illustrated in the graph, the share of health literacy ascended slightly from 8.8% to 11.58% from 2012 to 2016. Meanwhile, the proportion increased greatly from 11.58% to 25.4% from 2016 to 2021. Several factors, from my perspective, can be easily found to account for the phenomenon, among which I would like to name three most significant ones as follows. In the first place, it is universally acknowledged that the relevant health departments has spared more efforts to advocate and encourage the public to pay attention to the physical and mental health. In addition, there is no denying that with the rapid development of social media such as short videos, more and more residents can get more health tips online. Last but not least, the sudden outbreak of COVID-19 in 2019 has been a wake-up call for many people, who began to focus on healthy and nutritious diet and do exercise, which is another significant factor that could not be ignored. Taking all these factors into consideration, we can safely come to the conclusion that the current trend will continue for a while in the near future. 点击查看：

五、如何高效备战二建考试？二建历年真题及答案解析

如何制定高效备考二建考试的策略？

二级建造师考试是我国举行的建筑行业的国家级考试，对于想要从事建筑行业的人来说，取得二建证书是非常重要的。然而，备考二建考试需要一定的策略和方法。

首先，备考过程中，需要调整学习状态。制定合理的学习计划，充分利用工作之余的时间，合理安排学习任务和休息时间。其次，需要熟悉考试大纲，了解考试要点，知道每个知识点的考察形式和考查频度，有针对性地进行备考。最后，备考过程中需要进行历年真题练习，这对于了解考试难度、题型和考点分布非常有帮助。

如何利用历年真题及答案进行高效备考？

利用历年真题及答案是备考二建考试的重要方法之一。通过分析历年真题，考生可以了解考试的出题规律，熟悉考试题型，掌握考试重点，帮助考生在考试中游刃有余。

其一，历年真题中的选择题可以帮助考生了解考试的难易程度和题型分布，掌握常考的知识点；其二，历年真题中的案例分析题可以帮助考生了解考试的题型和解题思路；其三，历年真题中的论述题可以帮助考生了解重点考查内容和答题要求。

历年真题及答案资源获取途径

如何获取历年真题及答案资源也是备考的重要一环。可以通过各种渠道获取历年真题，比如在网上搜索相关资源，购买历年真题的资料书籍，或者通过培训机构获取。

而对于历年真题答案的获取，可以通过购买配套的真题解析书籍，或者寻求老师、资深考生的帮助，还可以加入相关的备考交流群，通过交流获取。

结语

备考二建考试需要一步一个脚印，历年真题及答案的合理利用可以帮助考生更好地备考，找准备考方向。希望每一位备考二建考试的考生都能顺利通过考试，取得理想的成绩！

感谢各位考生阅读本文，希望本文能够帮助大家更好的备考二建考试。

六、2016年英语一考研真题及答案解析怎么找?

如果只有一个答案，那我就选“它”个人觉得还是可以的！

首先这个APP 是免费，这个对很多大学生来说很重要，你也知道我们做学生都是些穷鬼。不赚钱不说，还得花钱。所以能省一分是一分。

其次有个很好玩的功能是搜题功能，数学、英语还有免费的教程。

最后这个题库和教材更新比较及时。

说完了优点该说缺点了。

缺点是很多APP通病:广告太多

另外没有电脑版的！

所以不建议天天刷刷这个，眼睛愁得慌！

不知道大家还有什么补充的！

七、二建市政考试题型

分2种一是选择题，二是问答题主要是识图和填空判断形式

八、一建补考真题及答案解析，哪个平台有？

本人参加考试，自己将案例记下来的！

全网最全一建实务通信与广电专业真题

一、单选题：共20题。

1.通信软件方式实现控制和转发功能分离的技术是（)。

A.SDH

B.SDN

C.PTN

D.ADM

【参考答案】B

【解析】SDN软件定义网络技术实现了控制功能与转发功能的分离。

2.在移动通信（）阶段，核心网采用全云华网络架构。

A.2G

B.3G

C.4G

D.5G

【参考答案】D

【解析】2022年教材新增内容，5G核心网采用全云化网络架构（边缘云、区域云、核心云）。

3.TCp协议不具备()功能。

A.路由选择

B.处理错误

C.申请重发

D.修正错误

【参考答案】A

【解析】IP协议给数据包写入发送和接受地址，具有路由选择功能。TCP协议处理顺序颠倒、数据丢失、数据失真等现象。必要请求重发。

4.同步数字体系的特点，下列手法正确的是（）。

A.SDH频带利用率较PDH高

B.PDH可以灵活服用

C.SDH具有完全向前向后兼容性

D.DWM不同波长不可以传送不同速率的业务

【参考答案】C

【解析】SDH特点

5.只能输出窄带信号的是()。

A.OMU

B.OADM

C.OA

D.OTU

【参考答案】D

【解析】OUT光波长转换器将宽带信号输出为窄带信号，书本2022版P24。

6.下列700M移动通信中，天线不放方式正常的是()。

【参考答案】A

【解析】700M频率小，波长，覆盖范围广，容量小。

7.以下哪个用到TDM技术()。

A.SDH

B.CDMA

C.WDM

D.OFDM

【参考答案】A

【解析】SDH应用时分复用和光线技术。

8.运营商最有可能将太阳能电池用于一下哪个场景()

A.市区移动基站

B.营业厅

C.光放站

D.核心机房

【参考答案】C

【解析】光放站是光缆长距离传输放大设备一般在室外，需要混合供电。

9.下列线缆需要做接地的是（)

A.野外光缆

B.7类双绞线

C.皮线光缆

D.室内光缆

【参考答案】D

【解析】室内光缆需要接地。

10.5.1省道环绕立体声配置时，一中心音响C与最佳听音位置为轴线，L和R音响以及SL与SR音箱轴线夹角分别为（）

A.30,60

B.30,110

C.60,90

D.60,120

【参考答案】B，书本P87

【解析】成本计划控制则是对成本计划的实施进行控制和监督，保证决策的成本目标的实现，而成本核算又是对成本计划是否实现的最后检验。

11.机房光纤应整齐布放，其最小的曲率半径为（）

A.20MM

B.30MM

C.40MM

D.50MM

【参考答案】B

【解析】曲率半径不应小于30MM

12.防尘要求最高的通信机房是（）

A.核心网机房

B.IDC机房

C.传输机房

D.蓄电池室

【参考答案】B

【解析】P106。

13.5G基站工程中，需要对（）设备及电缆进行电压驻波比测试？

A.AAU

B.RRU

C.BBu

D.GPS

【参考答案】D

【解析】GPS天馈线需要进行驻波比测试。

14.一组48V/200AH的电池充满电理论上可以支持-48V/960W的通信设备持续工作（）小时。

A.4

B.6

C.8

D.10

【参考答案】D

【解析】48*200AH/960W=10小时。

15.以下表示直埋光缆线路的特殊预留标石的是（）。

A.-/ 28

B.X/ 28

C</28

DΩ/28

【参考答案】D

【解析】概念。

16.下列人孔附件中，不需要预埋的是()。

A.口圈

B.拉力环

C.支架

D.给水管

【参考答案】C

【解析】支架后安装不需要预埋，其他都需要预制预埋。

17.短波广播天馈线系统桅杆临时拉绳的初拉力与（）初拉力相当

A.上层正式

B.下层正式

C.上层临时

D.下层临时

【参考答案】B

【解析】。

18.对卫星信号运行解调成音频信号的设备是()。

A.高频头

B.馈源

C.功分器

D.数字卫星电视接收机

【参考答案】D

【解析】P。

19.关于防雷接地系统，说法正确的是()

A.综合通信大楼应采用联合接地，铁塔电网必须与联合接地多点连通

B.电缆进站，金属护层在站外做保护接地

C.排流线铺设在光缆上方200MM处

D.接地桥应链接到铁塔塔角

【参考答案】A

【解析】。

20.天线周围有障碍物时，以中波天线外()为起点的位置到发射主向障碍物上界的仰角不应该大于3度。

A.250

B.500

C.750

D.1000

【参考答案】A

【解析】。

二、多选题，共10题，下列每小题的备选答案中，有两个或两个以上符合题意的正确答案，至少有1个错项，多选、错选均不得分;少选，所选的每个选项得0.5分。

21.复用技术与传输介质匹配正确的是 ()。

A.基带传输与光纤

B.FDM与铜线

C.TDM与微波传输

D.WDM与光纤

E.OFDM与大气

【参考答案】B,D,E

【解析】基带传输与铜线，FDM频分为铜线，TDM时分为光纤，WDM光纤，正交频分复用OFDM微波空气传播。

22.下列衰落中，能够造就视距内信号衰落中断的是()

A.K型衰落

B.闪烁衰落

C.波导型衰落

D.大气吸收衰落

E.雨雾引起的散射衰落

【参考答案】A，C

【解析】P77。

23.移动台上报位置更新指令的情形有()

A.开机

B.关机

C.进入盲区

D.突然断电

E.移动到新位置

【参考答案】A,E

【解析】开机、周期性位置跟新、位置更新。

24.数字广播标准有()。

A.DAB

B.DRM

C.HD Radio

D.ISDB

E.DTMB

【参考答案】ABC

【解析】数字电视DVB，DTMB，ATSC，ISDB。

25.基站8米长馈线，需要在()接地。

A.直角转水评处

B.靠近馈线窗

C.靠近天线处

D.室内接地

E.直线出局

【参考答案】BC

【解析】10米以下2点接地靠近馈线窗、靠近天线处，10米-60米三点接地靠近馈线窗、靠近天线处、直角转水评处，60米以上每20米增加一接地（含不足20米）。

26.光纤通信传输系统中，实测值越大传输距离越远的有()

A.发送光功率

B.光接收机灵敏度

C.最小过载光功率

D.信噪比

E.通道总衰减

【参考答案】A，B,D

【解析】发送功率越大传输距离越远，光接收机灵敏度指功率小于灵敏度时无法接收，因此光接收机灵敏度越大越能接收，传输越长。最小过载光功率正好相反大于最小过载光功率时无法接收。信噪比指传播的信号的功率与传播信号的过程中参入的噪声的功率之比,也就是说,信噪比越大,抑制噪声的能力越强。

27.直埋光缆线路路由复测时应该核定的有()

A.防雷

B.防腐

C.防白蚁

D.防电

E.机械损伤

【参考答案】A，B，C,E

【解析】

28.综合布线工程中，线路测试项目有()。

A.远端串扰

B.衰减串扰比

C.传播时延

D.回拨损耗

E.数据丢包率

【参考答案】B.C,D

【解析】P145。

29.关于电视中心工艺系统内调试的说法，正确的有()

A.加点前，衰减器衰减至于最小值

B.从输出设备到输入设备逐台加电

C.开通半小时无异常进行试运行

D.在试运行时，检查各开关是否正常

E.输入电瓶由小逐渐变大

【参考答案】C,D,E

【解析】

30.某架空赶路净高6M，多处与其他设施交越，其水平净距离符合规范的是（）

A.市区树木1M

B.距郊区房屋1.5M

C.距消火栓1.5M

D.距离火车轨8M

E.距已有7M干路9M

【参考答案】A,C,D

【解析】P370.

三、案例分析实务操作题，共5题。

案例一（20分）

背景材料：

订单1为架空，新建杆路25mm，敷缆35K：

九、产后康复考试题目及答案？

注意休息，饮食，运动塑身

十、二建市政实务答案多少分能过？

去年的分数线是62分，今年估计不会有很大的改动